The question of whether Nigeria's intensified security measures can truly end insurgency without civilian fallout is a complex one, and the answer is far from straightforward. While increased military pressure may weaken insurgent groups in the short term, it can also lead to unintended consequences, such as civilian casualties, displacement, and further radicalization. The key to success lies in striking a delicate balance between aggressive counterterrorism and the protection of innocent lives. To achieve this, Nigeria's government must prioritize transparency and accountability in investigations into civilian-impact incidents, and ensure that military operations are guided by clear rules of engagement and a commitment to minimizing harm to civilians. Ultimately, a sustainable solution to Nigeria's insurgency will require a multifaceted approach that addresses the root causes of the conflict, including poverty, inequality, and social marginalization.